伽利略·伽利萊(Galileo Galilei)是17世紀最具影響力的科學家之一,被後世稱為「近代科學之父」。他透過改良望遠鏡觀測天空,發現木星衛星、金星相位以及月球表面凹凸不平等現象,為日心說提供強而有力的證據。伽利略同時在力學與實驗方法方面作出重要貢獻,推動科學從哲學思辨轉向以觀測與實驗為基礎的研究方式。雖然他的學說與當時教會的宇宙觀發生衝突,但他的研究最終改變了人類對宇宙與自然法則的理解。
Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) was an Italian astronomer, physicist, and mathematician widely regarded as the “father of modern science.” He played a crucial role in the Scientific Revolution by improving the telescope and making groundbreaking astronomical observations, including the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus. Galileo strongly supported the heliocentric theory proposed by Nicolaus Copernicus, which placed the Sun at the center of the universe. His advocacy brought him into conflict with the Roman Catholic Church, leading to his trial by the Inquisition. Despite opposition, Galileo’s work transformed scientific methodology, emphasizing observation, experimentation, and mathematical analysis.
Read More